Empatica E4
| Maker | Empatica |
| Form factor | wrist |
| Signals | ppg, bvp, accel, eda, gsr, skin-temp |
Datasets recorded with this device
- AAUWSS
Empatica E4 + PSG overnight sleep staging (n=13)
- ADARP (AUD EMA stress, E4)
- AQUASET
affective QoE streaming (Empatica + Muse + Movesense)
- BIG IDEAs Lab Glycemic Variability and Wearable Device Data
- BIOSTRESS (psychologist induction + exam)
- Regulation of Brain Cognitive States through Auditory, Gustatory, and Olfactory Stimulation with Wearable Monitoring
- CAN-STRESS (ambulatory E4 stress 0–9)
- DREAMT
Dataset for Real-time sleep stage EstimAtion using Multisensor wearable Technology
- E4 Stress + Exercise (PhysioNet wearable-device-dataset)
- ECSMP
Emotion, Cognition, Sleep Multimodal Physiological Signals
- EmoWear (E4 SAM affect)
- EmpaticaE4Stress (workplace cognitive stress)
- EPIStress (epilepsy cognitive stress, E4+Muse)
- GalaxyPPG
- K-EmoCon
multimodal emotion in naturalistic debates (n=32, Empatica E4)
- MEFAR
Occupational Mental Fatigue (E4 BVP+ACC + Chalder)
- A Multimodal Dataset for Investigating Working Memory in Presence of Music
- NeuroBioSense
neuromarketing Empatica E4 (Mendeley)
- NURSE (hospital stress, E4, Dryad)
- Office Everyday MWL (MW_OFFICE, n=10 E4)
- PPG-BGL Smartwatch (Bhatia & Ekbote 2026 / Zenodo 20577959)
- PPG-DaLiA
PPG dataset for motion compensation / HR
- ScientISST MOVE: Annotated Wearable Multimodal Biosignals recorded during Everyday Life Activities in Naturalistic Environments
- SONATA
multimodal physio during emotionally-labeled music
- Stress-Predict Dataset (E4, MIT)
- Three-wearable
E4 / Shimmer3 / EmotiBit real-world physio
- Tutunji prolonged stress
Empatica E4 + EMA over exam vs control weeks (n=83, Radboud)
- UBFC-Phys
multimodal social-stress (wrist BVP+EDA + face video)
- UNIVERSE (mental workload + stress, ~315h E4)
- Walker posture E4
Empatica E4 + MoCap + smart rollator (Zenodo 22734705)
- WARM-VR
Empatica E4 BVP/EDA/TEMP/ACC + Polar H10 ECG during VR stress and multisensory relaxation (n=28)
- Wearanize+ OA
overnight E4 + Zmax + ActivPAL + PSG sleep (n=130)
- WESAD
Wearable Stress and Affect Detection
Papers using these datasets
- AnyPPG: An ECG-Guided PPG Foundation Model Trained on Over 100,000 Hours of Recordings for Holistic Health Profiling
- BeatFlow-ECG: Rectified Flow for ECG Reconstruction from Indirect Wearable Signals
- Engineering digital biomarkers of interstitial glucose from noninvasive smartwatches
- Calibrated photoplethysmography-derived heart rate variability approximates electrocardiographic gold-standard performance for stress-state classification
- CAP: Towards PPG Universal Representation Learning with Patient-level Supervision
- Source-Learned Reliance for Selective Test-Time Adaptation of Multimodal Time Series (CARAT)
- CardioState-JEPA: Delay-Aware Cross-Modal Learning of a Shared Cardiac Representation
- Cross-Modal Correlation Fusion for End-to-End ECG–PPG Stress Classification
- DNA-PPG: A Foundation Model for Photoplethysmography via Dual Neighborhood Alignment
- Bridging ECG and PPG: Latent-Space Prediction for Robust Physiological Analysis
- GalaxyPPG — PPG dataset in semi-naturalistic settings (Scientific Data 2025)
- A robust PPG foundation model using multimodal physiological supervision
- GlucoPRISM: Protocol-Supervised Pretraining for Cross-Cohort Glucose Transfer
- GPT-PPG: a GPT-based foundation model for photoplethysmography signals
- Multimodal Self-Supervised Learning for Wearable Sleep Staging Using Photoplethysmography and Accelerometer Signals
- MSMA-PPG: Channel-Aligned Expert Routing for Selected-Wavelength PPG Prediction
- Toward World Modeling of Physiological Signals with Chaos-Theoretic Balancing and Latent Dynamics
- PPG-Bench: A Unified Benchmark for PPG Foundation Models
- ProtoMM: Shared Prototypes for a Multimodal Pulse-Motion Foundation Model
- Pulse-PPG: An Open-Source Field-Trained PPG Foundation Model for Wearable Applications Across Lab and Field Settings
- PulseLM: A Foundation Dataset and Benchmark for PPG-Text Learning
- Quality-Aware Wrist Photoplethysmography for Subject Independent Stress-State Monitoring: ECG-Referenced Validation and Selective Prediction
- RAE-PPG: Duration-Grounded Retain-and-Extend Pretraining for PPG Foundation Models
- Reliability-Evidence Fusion for Selective Heart-Rate Estimation from Wearable PPG: A Transformation-Aware Cross-Cohort Study
- ReliaGate: Reliability Routing for Low-Stakes Wearable Stress Prediction
- Retrieval-Augmented Personalization with Foundation Models for Wearable Stress Detection
- Learning transferable human physiology from two million hours of sleep with SleepFM-2
- SLIP: Learning Transferable Sensor Models via Language-Informed Pretraining
- TF-MambaNet: A Temporal and Frequency Fused Bidirectional Mamba Architecture for PPG Foundation Model
- Wrist PPG Stress Classification on WESAD: Interval Features Compared with Beat-Shape and Wavelet Features
- VitalAgent: A Tool-Augmented Agent for Reactive and Proactive Physiological Monitoring over Wearable Health Data