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Review of open foundation models and datasets for ECG and PPG waveforms

Ahram Han, Takeshi Tohyama, Dukyong Yoon, Kenneth S. Paik, B. Gow, L. Celi +3 more
npj Digital Medicine2026ECGPPG
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Published articlePublication date: Aug 7, 2026Added to atlas: Oct 11, 2026Source
Citations0Crossref referencesChecked Oct 16, 2026
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Activity counts measure attention, not model quality. Missing counts are unknown. Publication status follows the linked source; a listed venue alone does not confirm peer review.

Clinician-oriented review of open ECG/PPG FMs and datasets: data-efficiency and generalisability advantages; challenges are homogeneous pretraining data and no standardised evaluation.

  • Venue: npj Digital Medicine (2026-08-07), DOI 10.1038/s41746-026-03101-7
  • Signals: ECG, PPG
At a glance
Venue
npj Digital Medicine (2026-08-07), DOI 10.1038/s41746-026-03101-7
Published
2026
DOI
10.1038/s41746-026-03101-7 (opens in a new tab)
arXiv
Not reported
PMID
Not reported
Licence
Not reported
Signals
ECGPPG
Form factor
Not reported
Subjects
Not reported
Code
Not reported
Added
Oct 11, 2026

Abstract

Foundation models (FMs) offer a promising approach for electrocardiography (ECG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) analysis, enabling reusable representations across tasks without large labeled datasets or task-specific training. We review open ECG/PPG FMs and datasets, outlining cardiovascular applications. Advantages include data efficiency and generalizability, though challenges remain, particularly reliance on homogeneous pretraining datasets and the absence of standardized evaluation frameworks. This review guides clinicians in understanding and applying FMs in cardiovascular research.

Verbatim fromOpenAlex· Abstract via OpenAlex (publisher-deposited); © the authors/publisher

Review of open foundation models and datasets for ECG and PPG waveforms: ChatPPG research summary card

How it works

How Method works: Setup → Method → TargetSetup: Signals (ECG, PPG). Method: Method.SetupSignals: ECG, PPGSignalsECG, PPGMethodMethod

Cite

@article{reviewopenfoundationmode2026,
  title = {{Review of open foundation models and datasets for ECG and PPG waveforms}},
  author = {Ahram Han and Takeshi Tohyama and Dukyong Yoon and Kenneth S. Paik and B. Gow and L. Celi and Hyeonhoon Lee and Hyung-Chul Lee and et al.},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {npj Digital Medicine (2026-08-07), DOI 10.1038/s41746-026-03101-7},
  doi = {10.1038/s41746-026-03101-7}
}

History

  1. Added to the ChatPPG research hub

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