Paper
PPG-based blood pressure estimation: a leakage-free reassessment (calibration degeneracy, trivial-baseline test, within-subject ΔBP)
GitHub code release (undergraduate research project, PIBIC/CNPq 2025–2026, Biomedical Engineering, PUC-SP); manuscript in preparation
TL;DR
A code-only release showing that per-record linear calibration in PPG-BP work is degenerate when the reference is one cuff reading copied over every beat: the calibrated output just reproduces the reference, so MAE under 4 mmHg, BHS grade A and AAMI passes say nothing about the PPG or model (5 of 11 calibration variants were affected). It proposes a trivial-baseline test (swap the model output for noise, a constant or the calibration reading) and reframes the target as within-subject ΔBP with calibration statistics from a block before the test block. On 1,293 VitalDB patients from PulseDB, a ridge model on 41 morphology features explains 26.6% of systolic and 23.7% of diastolic within-subject variance (MAE 12.64→10.72 and 6.80→5.92 mmHg), surviving permutation, leakage and temporal-gap controls; on PTT-PPG (one cuff per record) within-subject R² is strongly negative.
- Form factor: mixed (PulseDB/VitalDB perioperative finger PPG; PTT-PPG)
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Cite this paper
de Godoi, L. B., & Doria, A. P. D. R. T. (2025). PPG-based blood pressure estimation: a leakage-free reassessment (calibration degeneracy, trivial-baseline test, within-subject ΔBP). GitHub code release. https://github.com/LeGodoi-engbio/ppg-bp-estimation
de Godoi, Letícia Barboza and advisor Prof. Dr. Renan Trevisoli Doria. 2025. "PPG-based blood pressure estimation: a leakage-free reassessment (calibration degeneracy, trivial-baseline test, within-subject ΔBP)." GitHub code release. https://github.com/LeGodoi-engbio/ppg-bp-estimation.
de Godoi, L. B. and Doria, A. P. D. R. T. (2025) 'PPG-based blood pressure estimation: a leakage-free reassessment (calibration degeneracy, trivial-baseline test, within-subject ΔBP)', GitHub code release. Available at: https://github.com/LeGodoi-engbio/ppg-bp-estimation
de Godoi, Letícia Barboza, and advisor Prof. Dr. Renan Trevisoli Doria "PPG-based blood pressure estimation: a leakage-free reassessment (calibration degeneracy, trivial-baseline test, within-subject ΔBP)." GitHub code release, 2025. https://github.com/LeGodoi-engbio/ppg-bp-estimation.
L. B. de Godoi and A. P. D. R. T. Doria, "PPG-based blood pressure estimation: a leakage-free reassessment (calibration degeneracy, trivial-baseline test, within-subject ΔBP)," GitHub code release, 2025, [Online]. Available: https://github.com/LeGodoi-engbio/ppg-bp-estimation.
@article{godoi2025ppgbased,
title = {{PPG-based blood pressure estimation: a leakage-free reassessment (calibration degeneracy, trivial-baseline test, within-subject ΔBP)}},
author = {de Godoi, Letícia Barboza and Doria, advisor Prof. Dr. Renan Trevisoli},
year = {2025},
journal = {GitHub code release},
url = {https://github.com/LeGodoi-engbio/ppg-bp-estimation}
}Added to the ChatPPG research hub
