Paperdoi:10.1088/1361-6579/aa670e
Extraction of respiratory signals from the electrocardiogram and photoplethysmogram: technical and physiological determinants
Physiol. Meas. 2017;38:669–690
TL;DR
Tests how technical and physiological factors affect respiratory signals taken from ECG (15 signals) and PPG (11 signals) in 57 healthy subjects. Findings: 7 of 11 PPG respiratory signals were better from the finger than the ear; PPG quality first dropped noticeably when downsampled below 16 Hz; frequency-modulation signals were worse in older subjects; and most signals got worse at higher breathing rates. Dataset and code are public.
- Form factor: finger + ear
Abstract
ObjectiveBreathing rate (BR) can be estimated by extracting respiratory signals from the electrocardiogram (ECG) or photoplethysmogram (PPG). The extracted respiratory signals may be influenced by several technical and physiological factors. In this study, our aim was to determine how technical and physiological factors influence the quality of respiratory signals.ApproachUsing a variety of techniques 15 respiratory signals were extracted from the ECG, and 11 from PPG signals collected from 57 healthy subjects. The quality of each respiratory signal was assessed by calculating its correlation with a reference oral-nasal pressure respiratory signal using Pearson's correlation coefficient.Main resultsRelevant results informing device design and clinical application were obtained. The results informing device design were: (i) seven out of 11 respiratory signals were of higher quality when extracted from finger PPG compared to ear PPG; (ii) laboratory equipment did not provide higher quality of respiratory signals than a clinical monitor; (iii) the ECG provided higher quality respiratory signals than the PPG; (iv) during downsampling of the ECG and PPG significant reductions in quality were first observed at sampling frequencies of SignificanceRecommendations based on the results are provided regarding device designs for BR estimation, and clinical applications. The dataset and code used in this study are publicly available.
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Charlton, P. H., Bonnici, T., Tarassenko, L., Alastruey, J., Clifton, D. A., Beale, R. J., & Watkinson, P. (2017). Extraction of respiratory signals from the electrocardiogram and photoplethysmogram: technical and physiological determinants. Physiol. Meas. 2017, 38, 669–690. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6579/aa670e
Charlton, Peter H, Timothy Bonnici, Lionel Tarassenko, Jordi Alastruey, David Andrew Clifton, Richard J Beale, and Peter Watkinson. 2017. "Extraction of respiratory signals from the electrocardiogram and photoplethysmogram: technical and physiological determinants." Physiol. Meas. 2017 38: 669–690. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6579/aa670e.
Charlton, P. H., Bonnici, T., Tarassenko, L., Alastruey, J., Clifton, D. A., Beale, R. J. and Watkinson, P. (2017) 'Extraction of respiratory signals from the electrocardiogram and photoplethysmogram: technical and physiological determinants', Physiol. Meas. 2017, 38, pp. 669–690. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa670e.
Charlton, Peter H, et al. "Extraction of respiratory signals from the electrocardiogram and photoplethysmogram: technical and physiological determinants." Physiol. Meas. 2017, vol. 38, 2017, pp. 669–690. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6579/aa670e.
P. H. Charlton et al., "Extraction of respiratory signals from the electrocardiogram and photoplethysmogram: technical and physiological determinants," Physiol. Meas. 2017, vol. 38, pp. 669–690, 2017, doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa670e.
@article{charlton2017extraction,
title = {{Extraction of respiratory signals from the electrocardiogram and photoplethysmogram: technical and physiological determinants}},
author = {Charlton, Peter H. and Bonnici, Timothy and Tarassenko, Lionel and Alastruey, Jordi and Clifton, David Andrew and Beale, Richard J. and Watkinson, Peter},
year = {2017},
journal = {Physiol. Meas. 2017},
volume = {38},
pages = {669--690},
doi = {10.1088/1361-6579/aa670e}
}Added to the ChatPPG research hub
