Paperdoi:10.3390/bios16100565
Pulse Oximetry Versus Arterial Co-Oximetry During Exercise: A Systematic Review of Agreement and Sensor Technology Reporting Gaps
Biosensors 16(10):565 (2026-10-09)
TL;DR
Databases searched through 2026-08-30 (plus Embase in September). 16 studies, 46 device- or condition-level outcomes. Across four peak or maximal exercise cohorts, mean SpO₂−SaO₂ bias ranged −0.88 to +2.63 percentage points.
- Form factor: any
Abstract
Pulse oximetry is an optical biosensor for peripheral oxygen-saturation monitoring, but its agreement with arterial co-oximetry during exercise remains uncertain. We searched three databases through 30 August 2026 and conducted supplementary Embase searching in September. Sixteen studies yielded 46 device- or condition-level outcomes. Across four peak/maximal cohorts, mean bias ranged from −0.88 to +2.63 percentage points. Three reported paired SDs ranged from 2.75 to 4.60 points; a fourth was conditionally reconstructed. Primary synthesis was structured and descriptive. Post hoc random-effects mean-bias analyses of three reported-SD cohorts and a conditional fourth were imprecise and clinically heterogeneous, and did not characterize individual agreement. A descriptive technology audit found complete device identification in 14 studies and sensor-site reporting in 15, but no study fully reported numerical emitter wavelengths. Averaging/update behavior was fully reported in two studies, algorithm/post-processing detail in three, motion handling in six, and failure/missingness in seven. The author-agreed appraisal was interpreted descriptively without validated aggregate risk or certainty grades. These data do not establish a universal correction factor or a transportable substitution rule. No prospective registration, incomplete supplementary-search export reconciliation and reference-construct ambiguity limit interpretation. More complete sensor, reference-method and agreement reporting is needed.
Verbatim from the publisher's DOI record (opens in a new tab) · Publisher licence: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Results on ChatPPG leaderboards
All leaderboardsNo results from this paper on ChatPPG leaderboards yet. Browse the leaderboards.
Tasks & signals
Tasks
Signals
Keywords
How it works
- Wavelengths
- red, IR
Cite this paper
APA
Xie, S., & Wen, X.-M. (2026). Pulse Oximetry Versus Arterial Co-Oximetry During Exercise: A Systematic Review of Agreement and Sensor Technology Reporting Gaps. Biosensors. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios16100565
BibTeX
@article{xie2026pulse,
title = {{Pulse Oximetry Versus Arterial Co-Oximetry During Exercise: A Systematic Review of Agreement and Sensor Technology Reporting Gaps}},
author = {Xie, Shu and Wen, Xue-Ming},
year = {2026},
journal = {Biosensors},
doi = {10.3390/bios16100565}
}Built from the hub record. Check it against the publisher before submitting.
Added to the ChatPPG research hub
