Paper

Foundation model-based Bayesian imputation for wearables

Venue listed2026Added Nov 1, 2026

Authors: Leeor Hershkovich, Hongzhou Luan, Ida Sim, Jessilyn Dunn

ML4H 2026 poster (OpenReview 7SiaVXPHuQ, 2026-10-30)

TL;DR

Bayesian multiple imputation on top of the LSM-2 wearable FM: Monte Carlo dropout gives multiple imputations; Jensen-Shannon divergence between a day's missingness pattern and weekday-matched wear patterns rescales their spread. 73 participants; artificial MCAR, MAR, MNAR and combined missingness scored by CRPS. Heart-rate imputation error fell 33–48% under MAR, MCAR and combined, 12% under MNAR; no significant change for step counts.

Form factor: consumer wearable

Results on ChatPPG leaderboards

All leaderboards

No results from this paper on ChatPPG leaderboards yet. Browse the leaderboards.

Tasks & signals

Signals

HR Activity

Keywords

Foundation ModelLSM 2ImputationMissingnessMonte Carlo DropoutUncertaintyCRPS

How it works

Cite this paper

Cite this paper with the fields recorded here. Check it against the publisher before submitting.

Hershkovich, L., Luan, H., Sim, I., & Dunn, J. (2026). Foundation model-based Bayesian imputation for wearables. ML4H 2026 poster. https://openreview.net/forum?id=7SiaVXPHuQ

Hershkovich, Leeor, Hongzhou Luan, Ida Sim, and Jessilyn Dunn. 2026. "Foundation model-based Bayesian imputation for wearables." ML4H 2026 poster. https://openreview.net/forum?id=7SiaVXPHuQ.

Hershkovich, L., Luan, H., Sim, I. and Dunn, J. (2026) 'Foundation model-based Bayesian imputation for wearables', ML4H 2026 poster. Available at: https://openreview.net/forum?id=7SiaVXPHuQ

Hershkovich, Leeor, et al. "Foundation model-based Bayesian imputation for wearables." ML4H 2026 poster, 2026. https://openreview.net/forum?id=7SiaVXPHuQ.

L. Hershkovich, H. Luan, I. Sim, and J. Dunn, "Foundation model-based Bayesian imputation for wearables," ML4H 2026 poster, 2026, [Online]. Available: https://openreview.net/forum?id=7SiaVXPHuQ.

@inproceedings{hershkovich2026foundation,
  title         = {{Foundation model-based Bayesian imputation for wearables}},
  author        = {Hershkovich, Leeor and Luan, Hongzhou and Sim, Ida and Dunn, Jessilyn},
  year          = {2026},
  booktitle     = {ML4H 2026 poster},
  url           = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=7SiaVXPHuQ}
}

Nov 1, 2026Added to the ChatPPG research hub